Lecture 71:- AuthN and AuthZ - Class 2

In the context of security classifications, "Class 2" refers to a higher level of security than Class 1. Class 2 security typically involves more robust and stringent authentication and authorization measures, suitable for protecting sensitive and confidential information. Let's delve into AuthN and AuthZ in the context of Class 2 security:

Authentication (AuthN) - Class 2: Class 2 authentication involves stronger methods to verify the identity of users or entities. It goes beyond basic username and password approaches to provide increased security. Some common authentication mechanisms found in Class 2 security are:

Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Requires users to provide two different types of authentication factors, such as a password and a one-time code sent to their mobile device, enhancing security compared to single-factor authentication.

Smart Cards: Utilizes smart card technology, where users have a physical card that contains an embedded microchip with cryptographic keys to authenticate themselves.

Biometric Authentication (Advanced): Utilizes more sophisticated biometric methods, such as voice recognition, palm vein scans, or behavioral biometrics, for heightened security.

Hardware Tokens: Involves the use of physical devices that generate one-time codes or act as cryptographic keys for authentication.

Authorization (AuthZ) - Class 2: Class 2 authorization builds upon the access control measures of Class 1 and includes more granular and fine-tuned control over user permissions. This ensures that only authorized individuals or systems can access specific resources or perform certain actions. Some features of Class 2 authorization may include:

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assigns users to specific roles, and those roles determine what actions or data the users can access. RBAC simplifies permission management and provides a scalable way to control access.

Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC): Uses user attributes and resource attributes to define access policies. ABAC allows for more flexible and context-aware access control decisions.

Time-Based Access Control: Restricts access to certain resources based on specific timeframes or schedules.

Multi-Level Security (MLS): Enforces mandatory access controls based on security labels or classifications to prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data.

Audit and Logging: Class 2 often requires more robust logging and audit capabilities to track access to sensitive resources and identify potential security breaches.

It's important to note that security classifications can vary between different organizations, industries, or government entities, and the specific security measures and requirements associated with Class 2 may differ accordingly. The classification system is designed to help organizations implement appropriate security controls based on the sensitivity and criticality of their data and systems.